Rebuttal-Levixvice

Spotted lanternflies are a nuisance in America because of their destructive nature, eating away the trees’ bark and the seeds that, if planted, will become trees for the new generation. Despite the fact that getting rid of them requires a considerable amount of searching, these insects of their kind wander the United States where there would be other hiding spots other than trees. Insecticides would also help kill the insects, but would in turn harm the plants, trees, and other organisms because of their toxicity. Stopping the spread would require everyone’s cooperation to create traps to either eliminate the pests for good or relocate them to their natural habitat in China. Because researchers know that Spotted Lanternflies lay their eggs inside host trees during the winter season and they awaken only during the spring season, this becomes a repeated cycle without an end. It also goes into the factor of how firewood shipments are not stopping their routine to check for any invasive species like the Spotted Lanternfly and remove them from the firewood.

These reasons are to be given as nobody can tell if the spread will ever stop. The Spotted Lanternfly has found its place in America, just like how the Gypsy Moth was introduced in 1869 as being a native insect in Europe and Asia. But the parasitoid called the Ooencyrtus Kuvanae wasp, which was introduced from Japan to America in 1909, has limited the Gypsy Moth’s spread from 1911–1971 through the laying of its eggs on the host in its caterpillar form, where the hatchling would kill the host as food. This parasitoid has also been doing the same to spotted lanternflies in 2016. This causes a rift in their spread as they are culled by this parasitoid to have their hatchlings protected by the Spotted Lanternfly and then be eaten alive after hatching. Superparasites is the use of female parasitoid behavior to lay their eggs on an insect that has already fallen prey to the parasite and has developed over time. The estimated time to plant parasites in the Spotted Lanternflies’ eggs was from when March was over to the middle of April, when scientists collected these eggs and placed them inside incubators to see the development at close hand. Parasitic wasps have also joined in the fray to lay parasitic substances on the eggs and were collected. Their emergence was recorded the following day, and the eggs were hatching from their exit holes, which determines their existence inside the hosts’ eggs.

Spotted Oviposition Substrate Selection Lanternflies would lay eggs in locations other than dead tree trunks. These locations could be shrubs, building structures, or vines 200 cm above ground. Its host preferences are determined by nymphs and adults from 23 plant species (13 trees, 1 white ash, 5 shrubs, 5 vines, and 1 oriental bittersweet). The density of the egg masses ranges from 0.2 to 75.2 masses/m2, with an average of 6.0 to 6.7 egg masses/m2, but can vary between 2.3-32.5 egg masses/m2 and 0.2-45.4 egg masses/m2 depending on the substrate type.

Spotted lanternflies in their nymph stage have four instar stages that grow their bodies from May to September. The first three instar stages are all black and covered in white spots and are only 1/4 inch with the ability to leap away from any danger such as predators or environmental hazards. 

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